A common saying is ” Amateurs Hack Systems, Professionals Hack People”. Social engineering is the art of manipulating people into performing actions or divulging confidential information. People fall for social engineering tricks based on their instinct to be helpful and trusting. The typical attacker never comes face-to-face with a victim using deception through email, social networks or over the phone.
Consultants list end-user training as a top prevention to defend against social engineering. How should you provide training for your user community? Here are some tips for educating your staff about common social engineering attacks.
Explain Why Policies Exist
It is common to see organizations send out policy reminders without explaining why they exist. The average user will delete a policy email once they realize its standard legal language.
Try explaining why users should care. For example, start off with a scenario about an email account being violated and or company data compromised. Include details about what social engineer tactic was used, investment by IT to clean up the issue and ways to avoid the threat. Close with the policy being enforced.
Provide Examples Beyond The Intranet
Organizations typically send warning emails to employees when they discover threats to internal sources. It is rare to see companies extend warnings about phishing or other external attacks. Try periodically sending out examples of different social engineering attacks highlighting what to look for and where they are common. Examples should include social networks, fake URLs, craiglist scams and threats using shareware. Your end-users can be targeted anywhere so educate on all forms of social engineering attacks. Continue reading →
There has been a rapid increase in demand for security solutions that can defend against Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs). Why? Because today, cyber criminals don’t use a specific attack to compromise targeted networks.
Successful attacks are typically made up of a number of chained exploits. A hacker may start with social engineering, deliver malware through phishing and gain internal access through compromised machines. Once the hacker has established a foothold into the internal network, he may spread rootkits through a hidden torrent like environment to communicate under the radar and steal information.
Defending against attacks like this is difficult to detect and to remediate. Point productions may catch a piece of the puzzle however you will need the complete picture to deal with sophisticated attacks. Solutions must have network wide visibility, which typically can be accomplished through logging, packet capture or network analysis. Logging requires security tools such as firewalls and IPS appliances spread across the network sending logs to a centralized system for event correlation and reporting. Analyzing packets usually requires collectors analyzing a tremendous amount of data obtained from key network segments. Network security and performance analytics can be obtained directly from network devices capable of providing NetFlow such as routers and firewalls.
Of the three methods, network analysis is becoming an extremely attractive method to defend against advanced threats since NetFlow can be harvested from existing devices.
What are the key reasons to invest in NetFlow when an organization has already invested in firewalls, anti-virus, IPS systems, and other security tools? Continue reading →
Cisco recently announced a partnership with Lancope to address Advanced Persistent Threat or APT type attacks. The reason Lancope / StealthWatch was added is most security solutions are based on signatures or behavior to identify threats. Some newer technologies are leveraging reputation (see my post HERE) or honey pots (example FireEye) however advanced attacks aka APTs are bypassing these traditional security solutions.
APTs are typically customized for a specific target and designed to stay under the radar using technics such as throttling network usage, communicating through standard ports, encryption and other means that bypass common security solutions. Examples of common security devices are Firewalls, IPS/IDS, Content filters, Anti-Virus / Anti-Malware, and other technologies that operate on a “probe” type design meaning they can only see traffic in a specific network segment. The APT problem becomes difficult to address with traditional tools due to lack of ability to detect the methods APTs operate on the network as well as difficultly to places detection technology in all network areas monitoring all layers of the network stack.
Some recent offerings to combat the APT threat are packet level and flow based monitoring solutions (Lancope being flow based). Both approaches look at all network traffic and flag anomalies that would bypass other security technology. Both views have pros and cons however one clear advantage of using NetFlow is many network devices are capable of generating flows which makes it more cost effective than capturing and storing packet level data. I’m not saying packet level monitoring is a bad however storage requirements tend to quickly raise the price tag of this approach.
Lancope StealthWatch works by viewing any host with an IP address that creates TCP/IP traffic on the network. Lancope collects metadata on hosts and builds a profile of behavior. Network hosts connected to devices such as switches, routers and firewalls generate flows of information which typically are NetFlow or sFlow. As flows are collected, Lancope aggregates, normalizes and analyzes NetFlow telemetry data to detect threats and suspicious behavior. Lancope can also integrate with Cisco Identity Services Engine aka ISE by taking in contextual information such as User Identity, Endpoint Device Profiling and Posture information. Lancope essentially enables security monitoring on network devices. This dramatically improves the time to identify and react to threats. We had one customer identify some malware that apparently had been active for months throttling its communication phone home patterns to bypass their IPS and SIEM solution.
MY Lancope LAB
When logging into the management interface of Lancope StealthWatch, you first have to launch a Java session.
Once launched, the management interface of Lancope looks like this.
I have specific dashboards that come up which are customizable. Lancope offers TONs of reports that can pop up upon login. NOTE: My Lancope lab is using dummy data. Below is a breakdown of some of that data via the fake hosts, network devices and ISE system.
This Lancope dashboard shows traffic by hosts and bandwidth usage.
This shows a flow table in my Lancope lab. Flows are typically one way communications (Cisco ASAs are the only exception). Lancope stitches flows together so admins can easily see the full communication chain between hosts.
This Lancope diagram shows a global map of host relationship usage.
Here is a Lancope report showcasing user integration with Cisco Identity Services Engine aka ISE. Notice how inside Lancope, you can see who the users are , where they are located and what type of devices they have on the network utilizing the authorization and profiling capabilities of Cisco ISE.
The Lancope StealthWatch solution, Cisco NAM and Cisco Identity Services Engine or ISE integration is Cisco’s new flagship story to address advanced cyber threats aka APTs. I believe its critical to monitor flow or packet level data since in many cases, its the only way to identify and defend against advanced threats designed to bypass traditional security products. The scary thing about technology such as Lancope is what you will find when you first set it up in your environment. In many cases, customers find they are already owned and have been for a long time.
A common saying is ” Amateurs Hack Systems, Professionals Hack People”. Social engineering is the art of manipulating people into performing actions or divulging confidential information. People fall for social engineering tricks based on their instinct to be helpful and trusting. The typical attacker never comes face-to-face with a victim using deception through email, social networks or over the phone.
